Outer space and stars
Have you ever learnt about outer space and stars? Do you like movies about space/sci-fi? Do you want to know more about outer space? Do you want to go into outer space in the future?
Vocabulary
  • Solar system (noun) – the sun and all the planets, moons, and other objects that move around it. → Children often learn about the solar system in school.
  • Heavenly bodies (noun) – natural objects in space like stars, planets, and moons. → Telescopes help us see distant heavenly bodies.
  • Genre (noun) – a style or category of art, music, or literature. → Science fiction is my favourite movie genre.
  • Overactive imagination (phrase) – the tendency to imagine things more than usual, often unrealistically. → Kids often have an overactive imagination.
  • Speculate (verb) – to guess about something without having all the facts. → Scientists speculate about life on other planets.
  • Interstellar (adjective) – happening or existing between the stars. → Interstellar travel is still science fiction.
  • Asteroid (noun) – a small rocky object that orbits the sun. → An asteroid passed close to Earth last year.
  • Alien (noun) – a being from another planet. → People often imagine aliens visiting Earth.
  • Cosmic radiation (noun) – high-energy radiation from outer space. → Astronauts are exposed to cosmic radiation in space.
  • Hazard (noun) – a danger or risk. → Space travel involves many hazards
  • Telescope (noun) – an instrument used to observe distant objects in space. → The scientist looked at Jupiter through a telescope.
  • Galaxy (noun) – a system of millions of stars held together by gravity. → Our solar system is part of the Milky Way galaxy.
  • Orbit (verb) – to move around a planet, star, or moon in a curved path. → The Moon orbits around Earth.
  • Astronaut (noun) – a person trained to travel and work in space. → Neil Armstrong was the first astronaut to walk on the Moon.
  • Black hole (noun) – a region in space with gravity so strong that nothing can escape. → Black holes remain one of the biggest mysteries in astronomy.
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Questions and Answers
Maria: Have you ever learned about outer space and stars?

Rory: Well, I'm sure we must have in school at some point, though the exact details escape me just now. And of course, like most kids, I had various books on the solar system and other heavenly bodies at home, too.

Maria: Do you like movies about space? Sci-fi movies?

Rory: Yeah, I love them. I think they must be one of my favourite genres. I'm not sure why, though. Maybe I just have an overactive imagination and like to speculate about how things might be different in the future.

Maria: Do you want to know more about outer space?

Rory: I mean, if there were some major developments, like interstellar travel, or an asteroid impact, or alien contact, then absolutely, that would be amazing to learn about. But beyond that, space doesn't really have any direct impact on my life, and there's nothing I really want or need to know about, at least, there doesn't seem to be.

Maria: Do you want to go into outer space in the future?

Rory: Not particularly, and certainly not using the current methods. I can't think of anything more dangerous, and I like being on the ground where it's relatively safe compared to being in space and exposed to things like cosmic radiation and other potential hazards. If it were or becomes better, then I'd consider it. But not now.
Discussion
Maria: Right, dear listener, we've recorded a couple of episodes about stars, so you can just Google IELTS Speaking for Success - space, stars, and listen to all our episodes about space and stars. And, Rory, what's going on with the article? Do we say the space, outer space? Because I actually want to use an article, like, go to the outer space. Go to the space. Like, what's going on? It's very confusing.

Rory: If we talk about specific kinds of space, then we can use the. But right now we're just talking about space in general, so there's no article needed here.

Maria: So when we talk about space in general, like, I want to learn about space. I want to learn about outer space. I want to study stars. Rory, could you give us an example where you do use the space?

Rory: Well, for example, the space around the Earth is quite crowded with satellites. That's a specific area of space.

Maria: Yeah, so I want to go into space in the future, like, I want to become an astronaut and go to space. To the moon and back, dear listener. But yeah, we say the moon. If you're not sure about studying space and stars at school, you can say, I must have studied stars at school. Like, probably I studied space at school, but I'm not sure. What do you call this subject, the study of space?

Rory: Astronomy?

Maria: I read books on the solar system and heavenly bodies. Yeah, this is a specific term for different planets. A heavenly body, any object existing in space, especially a planet, star, or the moon. Heavenly bodies. So at school, I learned some information about heavenly bodies and the solar system. Some questions could be about movies, about space. Again, no article, movies about space, films about space, like sci-fi films. And Rory loves them. Rory loves sci-fi. Science fiction. And you can say that, yes, I love them. They are my favourite films or sci-fi is my favourite genre, genre of films. I enjoy speculating how things might be different. So to speculate means to guess possible answers to a question when you don't have enough information to be certain. So well, I don't know what's out there in space. I'm just speculating. So I enjoy speculating how things might be different in space. And Rory, did you know that speculate is a C2 level word? Band 9.

Rory: Is it?

Maria: It is.

Rory: Why? How?

Maria: Just because it's difficult and perhaps it's hard to use in the correct context. And usually we say like, oh, I enjoy thinking about how things might be different. So we usually use the word think or guess, but not speculate. So it's a rare word.

Rory: That's crazy.

Maria: Rory, what's your favourite planet?

Rory: The one I'm on. And I would like to keep it that way for as long as possible. Keep it in good condition, that is.
Maria: I'd like to learn more about outer space or I wouldn't like to learn more about stars. You can say like, I'm not a fan of space. I dislike it. It's not my topic. So I'm not a big fan of space. Or you can lie and say that you do enjoy this topic. I'd like to learn more about outer space if there were some major development like interstellar travel. Whoa, what's interstellar travel?

Rory: Travelling between stars.

Maria: From one star to another star. Interstellar travel. So yeah, if it were possible to travel between different stars, I'd like to learn about it. Or if there was an asteroid. So if an asteroid fell to Earth, bam! I'd like to learn more about this, asteroids, you know. Or if there were aliens. And here we're using the second conditional because now we don't see aliens every day. So we kind of imagine if there were aliens and if I could see aliens on Earth, that would be amazing to learn about them more. And here Rory says that space doesn't really have any impact on my life. And I think that Rory is completely wrong because space does influence your life. It's just, you know, like the movement of the moon. You know, like we, we consist of water, Rory. And all the activities, the sun, the moon, the planets, they directly influence water. Water in our body, like our...

Rory: Water on a biscuit, water on a cake.

Maria: It's chocolate on a biscuit.

Rory: I know, I know, I know.

Maria: So, space does influence our life, our mood, our health, and our water in the body. So yes, the listener do not believe Rory here. He doesn't know what he's talking about.

Rory: Well, actually, what I said was, at least there doesn't seem to be any cause for me to worry about it or think about it.

Maria: Well, still, I think this sentence is wrong.

Rory: You're still wrong.

Maria: Yeah, you're still wrong. You just don't know what you're talking about. Dear listener, what do you think? Does space have an influence on our lives? Does it? Well, it does. Surely it does. We may not know what exactly happens, but it does have an influence.

Rory: According to Maria. No, according to just how it is. It's a fact. Or if you don't have any connection to the moon or the sun, Rory, well, that's your problem. To feel, you know, connected to the universe. You are the universe.

Maria: That sounds like an awful lot of work.

Rory: So dear listener, the next question is crazy.

Maria: So the examiner will ask you, like, do you actually want to go into outer space in the future? Like, do you want to just go there, just like closer to the sun, closer to the moon? Do you want to be out there? So you can say no or yes. Rory says not particularly, not really.

Rory: Not while it's so unsafe. If it becomes safer, then we'll talk about it. But for the moment…
Maria: Yeah, I like being on the ground. So kind of like standing on the ground. It's quite nice. It's quite safe. And here Rory told us about being exposed to cosmic radiation. Yeah, this is harmful.

Rory: That's a real problem.

Maria: Yeah, this cosmic light radiation is harmful. And all other potential hazards, including death…

Rory: I love it. Possible hazards, possible side effects of space travel include death.

Maria: Yeah, but yeah, this is space. If you go to space, like, we've seen films about space, right? So we know what can happen. Well, some people survive, some people don't. Yeah, death happens on the ground, but like, if you go out there, like... But you can say, again, the second conditional. If it were safer to go to space, I'd consider it. I'd consider it. Consider it.

Rory: I'd think about it.

Maria: Yeah, I'll think about it. But to say, I think about it, it's very, like, it's silly. It's very easy. You just say, I'd consider it. I'll just think about it. And Rory, I've got a stupid joke for you.

Rory: Oh, really?

Maria: Dear listener, are you ready for the joke? Oh, actually, two jokes.

Rory: Oh!

Maria: But they're quite dreadful, dear listener, they're horrible. So just bear with me. So the first joke. What kind of stars wear sunglasses? Movie stars. That's so stupid. Oh, should we explain it? No, movie stars, you know.

Rory: Famous people. A star is a famous person.

Maria: Yeah, wear sunglasses, and here we have movie stars - famous people. Joke number two. Why did the star get arrested? Because it was a shooting star. And Rory, you explain the joke. Rory, you explain the second joke.

Rory: Well, a shooting star is the name for a meteorite that you can see travelling through the atmosphere. So it's shooting across the atmosphere and, of course, shooting someone without authorisation is a crime. Thank you for your jokes, Maria. Those were truly out of this world. Oh, look at me. Even I can make a joke.

Maria: So you can crack a joke, dear listener, if you are tired of talking about stars or if you don't care about stars. You can just say, oh, you know, dear examiner, I have a joke for you. Why did the star get arrested? Because it was a shooting star. And then you'll laugh.

Rory: No, no, you can't do this.

Maria: Why not? Why not? No, come on.

Rory: Because that's crazy.

Maria: Yeah, exactly. You want to be different. You want to be interesting, you know?

Rory: Yeah, you want to be different, not thrown in a mental institution.

Maria: No, it's just an exam. Come on. And the examiner kind of asks you like, oh, are you interested in stars? And you go like, no, but I like jokes about stars. Here's one for you. Why did the star get arrested?

Rory: Maria has been abducted by aliens and replaced by someone who is just giving crazed advice. Bye.

Maria: Bye.

Rory: Maria, let's get you back to the spaceship.
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